Lesson 1 Date: 1/22/2014

User accounts, files and directories, processes, system commands.

Linux for Engineering and IT Applications

Unix history and foundation of Linux 1969: a UNIX like OS on PDP 7 was written by Ken Thompson in Bell Labs It was single user, non-multitasking, written in assembler; 1973: C programming language by Dennis Ritchie in Bell Labs; 1975: First widely available version of UNIX (written in C); Late seventies: two main stream UNIX distributions - System V from Bell Labs and Berkeley release. Eighties: commercial UNIX operating systems: DEC, Sun, IBM, etc. 1985: GNU, the Free Software Foundation, is founded (Richard Stallman) 1991: Starting of the Free Family Berkely like OS, BSD, (NetBSD, FreeBSD, OpenBSD). 1991: Finnish graduate student Linus Torvalds announces release of Linux based on GNU tools. Now days: numerous distributions of Linux; the fastest developing OS; accepted by some commercial hardware and software vendors (IBM, Oracle, HP, Amazon, Google). Has become the leading OS in High Performance Computing, Cloud Computing, mobile OS and apps, microcontroller devices.

Today's agenda Introduction Topics Agenda Recitations Foundation of Linux What makes Linux different Linux is a kernel Login to terminal User accounts Linux shells Files and Directories Files Permissions and Ownerships Sticky bit Links Processes Process data streams Background processes System commands Take me to the Course Website